The wider legal picture.
Understand the frameworks connecting national systems—and the limits of those connections.
EU law & national legal systems ↗
Understand where European Union rules meet the legislation, courts and procedures of individual countries.
Market accessEEA, EFTA & the European single market ↗
A practical distinction between EU membership, the EEA Agreement and EFTA arrangements.
Bilateral relationshipsSwitzerland & European legal connections ↗
Swiss national law and sector-specific European arrangements require their own analysis.
Rights & remediesEuropean Convention on Human Rights ↗
The Convention system, domestic remedies and the European Court of Human Rights.
Civil justiceBrussels I recast & cross-border judgments ↗
Jurisdiction and circulation of civil and commercial judgments under the relevant European regime.
Cross-border obligationsRome I & Rome II: applicable law ↗
Choosing and identifying the law governing contractual and non-contractual obligations.
Privacy & informationGDPR & cross-border data protection ↗
Connect GDPR obligations with national rules, regulators and international data flows.
Artificial intelligenceThe EU AI Act & phased obligations ↗
Identify the system, the responsible role and the current phase of the AI regulatory framework.
CybersecurityNIS2 & national cybersecurity duties ↗
Understand the relationship between the European directive, national implementation and operational security.
Online servicesDigital Services Act & platform responsibilities ↗
Classify online services and identify the duties relevant to their role and scale.
Private wealthEuropean succession & cross-border estates ↗
Applicable law, jurisdiction and evidence of succession rights across national borders.
Families across bordersCross-border family proceedings in Europe ↗
Divorce, parental responsibility and international child-abduction questions require distinct legal routes.
Public contractingEuropean public procurement & national remedies ↗
European procurement frameworks and the local rules governing tenders, challenges and contracts.
International arbitrationNew York Convention & arbitral award enforcement ↗
Treaty-based recognition of awards alongside the procedure of the enforcement jurisdiction.
International civil justiceHague Choice of Court & judgment planning ↗
Exclusive court agreements and the international framework relevant to their effectiveness.
Trade & restrictionsEuropean sanctions & cross-border services ↗
Current restrictions, ownership connections and permissions need matter-specific review.
A European perspective.
A clear way forward.
Tell us where your matter begins and what you need to achieve.